Chapter: Evolution

After about how many years of formation of earth, life appeared on this planet?

From his experiments, SL Miller produced amino acids by mixing the following in a closed flask.

Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries are

According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is

Following are the two statements regarding the origin of life
I. The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.
II. The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen.
Of the above statements which one of the following options is correct?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the origin of life?
I. Formation of protobionts.
II. Synthesis of organic monomers.
III. Synthesis of organic polymers.
IV. Formation of DNA-based genetic systems.

Which one of the following is incorrect about the characteristics of protobionts (coacervates and microspheres) as envisaged in the abiogenic origin of life?

Which one of the following pair of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentione against it?

The concept of chemical evolution is based on

Evolutionary history of an organism is known as

Which one of the following amino acid was not found to be synthesised in Miller’s experiment?

Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter?

According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present I the primitive atmosphere of the earth?

Identify the correct sequence in which the following substances have appeared during the course of evolution of life on earth

The first organisms were

Which was absent in the atmosphere at the time of origin of life?

‘Origin of species’ was written by

Evolution is

First life on earth was

Embryological support for evolution was proposed by

The phenomenon of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and spreading to other habitats is called

Embryological support for evolution was disapproved by

Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes in environment brought about by anthropogenic action?

I. Darwin‘s Finches of Galapagos islands.
II. Herbicide resistant weeds.
III. Drug resistant eukaryotes.
IV. Man-created breeds of domesticated animals like dogs.

Flippers of penguins and dolphins are examples of

In Australia, marsupials and placental mammals have evolved to share many similar characteristics This type of evolution may be referred to as

In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place?

Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option. :

The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of

Analogous structures are a result of

Which of the following structures is homologous to the wing of a bird?

The wings of a bird and the wings of an insect are

Forelimbs of cat, lizard used in walking forelimbs of whale used in swimming and forelimbs of bats used in flying are an example of

Which one of the following are analogous structures?

The eyes of Octopus and eyes of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar function. This is an example of

The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called

Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as

Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution and divergent evolution?
Convergent evolutionDivergent evolution
(1) Eyes of Octopus and mammals-Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates
(2) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita- Wings of butterflies and birds
(3) Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates-Wings of butterfly and birds
(4) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita- Eyes of Octopus and mammals

Peripatus is a connecting link between

Darwin’s finches are an excellent example of

Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita are examples of

Which one of the following statements is correct?

What is common to whale, seal and shark?

When two species of different geneology come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed

The finches of Galapagos islands provide an evidence in favour of

An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of

Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils?

Using imprints from a plate with complete medium and carrying bacterial colonies, you can select streptomycin resistant mutants and prove that such mutations do not originate as adaptation. These imprints need to be used

Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that

What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?

Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio-carbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms, include

Convergent evolution is illustrated by

Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures?

Which of the following pair is homologous organ?

According to fossils discovered up to present time origin and evolution of man was started from

Sequence of which of the following is used to know the phylogeny?

Reason of diversity in living being is

Similarities in organisms with different genotype indicates

Half-life period of C¹⁴ is about

Darwin’s finches provide an excellent evidence in favour of evolution. This evidence comes from the field of

Which one of the following pair has homologous organs?

The age of the fossil of Dryopithecus on the geological time scale is

Which one of the following is a living fossil?

The homologous organs are those that show similarity in

Homologous organs are

Evolutionary convergence is development of

Study of fossils is

Humming birds and hawk illustrate

Genetic drift operates in

Industrial melanism is an example of

Variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. This is referred to as

In the case of peppered moth (Biston betularia), the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of

Which one of following scientists name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?

Select the correct statement from the following given options.

De Vries gave his mutation theory on organic evolution while working on

Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I                                                                     List-II
A. Adaptive radiation                                1. Selection of resistant radiation varieties due to
.                                                                      excessive use of herbicides and pesticides
B. Convergent evolution                           2. Bones of forelimbs in man and whale
C. Divergent evolution                               3. Wings of butterfly and bird
D. Evolution by anthropogenic action    4. Darwin Finches
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin’s concept of natural selection in organic evolution?

Darwin in his ‘Natural Selection Theory’ did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution?

In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner?

Random genetic drift in a population probably results from

Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution?

Genetic drift operates in

Reason of diversity in living being is

Darwin’s theory of pangenesis shows similarity with theory of inheritance of acquired characters then what will be correct according to it?

The presence of gill slits, in the embryos of all vertebrates, supports the theory of

Which one does not favour Lamarckian concept of inheritance of acquired characters?

Frequency of a character increases when it is

Theory of natural selection dwells on

Weismann cut off tails of mice generation after generation but tails neither disappeared nor shortened showing that

Basic principles of embryonic development were pronounced by

‘Continuity of germplasm’ theory was given by

Theory of inheritance of acquired characters was given by

The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is

A population of a species invades a new area. Which of the following conditions will lead to adaptive radiation?

Which of the following represents order of ‘Horse’?

In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by

The tendency of population to remain in genetic equilibrium may be disturbed by

According to Darwin, the organic evolution is due to

Adaptive radiation refers to

Industrial melanism as observed in peppered moth proves that

One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is

Which one of the following is not a living fossil?

Jurassic period of the Mesozoic era is characterised by

Industrial melanism is an example of

In which condition the gene ratio remains constant for any species?

In which era reptiles were dominant?

Occurrence of endemic species in South-America and Australia is due to

Genetic drift operates only in

In general, in the developmental history of a mammalian heart, it is observed that it passes through a two-chambered fish-like heart, three-chambered frog-like heart and finally to four-chambered stage. To which hypothesis can this above cited statement be approximated?

‘Golden age of dinosaurs’/Age of reptiles was

The earliest fossil form in the phylogeny of horse is

Two geographical regions separated by high mountains are

Genetic drift is change of

Correct order is

Parallelism is

A hominid fossil discovered in Java in 1891, now extinct having cranial capacity of about 900 cc was

Which of the following statements is correct about the origin and evolution of men?

Match the hominids with their correct brain size

A. Homo habilis                    (i) 900 cc
B. Homo neanderthalensis (ii) 1350 cc
C. Homo erectus                   (iii) 650-800 cc
D. Homo sapiens                  (iv) 1400 cc
Select the correct option.

The chronological order of human evolution from early to the recent is

What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from hisancestors?

The extinct human who lived 100000 to 40000 years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, with short stature, heavy eye brows, retreating fore heads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a lumbering gait and stooped posture was

Among the human ancestors the brain size was more than 1000 cc in

There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view Homo erectus in Asia were the ancestors of modern man. A study of variation of DNA however, suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation on DNA variation could suggest this?

In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mtDNA and Y-chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because

Which of the following is correct order of evolutionary history of man?

Which of following is closest relative of man?

Homo sapiens evolved during

Which one of the following features is closely related with the evolution of humans?

Which of the following primate is the closest relative of humans?

Which is not a vestigial part in humans?

Which one of the following statements is correct?

Common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shown by

Which one of the following statements about fossil human species is correct ?

Which one of the following sets includes only the vestigial structures in man?

Which one of the following is regarded as the direct ancestor of modern man?

Which one is irrelevant to evolution of man?